Non-defining relative clauses

Viết theo cấu trúc Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định – Non-defining relative clauses

 

Defining clause (xác định)	Non-defining clause (không xác định)
Xác định rõ hoặc cho biết ai hay vật gì Không dùng dấu phẩy (,) Có thể sử dụng that “that”	Đưa thêm thông tin về người hay vật Sử dụng dấu phẩy (,) Không được dùng “that”
The boy who lives next door is having a party tonight.	Darren, who lives next door, is having a party tonight.

 

Ví dụ:

• Subject relative pronouns: Đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho chủ ngữ

This is my friend Jane, who has just returned from Italy.

Mike’s car, which is only six months old, broke down last night.

• Object relative pronouns: Đại từ quan hệ thay thế cho tân ngữ

The woman next door, who/whom I met for the first time last week, is moving next month.

That book about the First World War, which I finished last week, was really interesting.

• Possessive relative pronoun:

Amanda Lovelace, whose husband died last year, has now lost her job.

This is our son John, whose friends you will be meeting at the party later on.

Lưu ý:

• Khi có giới từ đặt trước mệnh đề quan hệ thì chỉ được dùng whom hoặc which

• Marjorie Campbell, on whom we have all depended so much, has just announced her
• The new pedestrian crossings, about which there has been much discussion, are going to be in use from the beginning of next month.

• Khi giới từ đặt cuối mệnh đề quan hệ sử dụng đại từ như bình thường

• Marjorie Campbell, who/whom we have all depended on so much, has just announced her retirement.

• The new pedestrian crossings, which there has been much discussion about, are going to be in use from the beginning of next month.

Bài tập:

Rewrite the sentences making the second sentence into a non-defining relative clause and putting it into the correct place.

1. When I was in town, I met your sister. She was shopping for some clothes. When I was in town, I met your sister, who was shopping for some clothes.
2. Their house needs a lot of work doing to it. It is near the beach.
3. Sandra’s just got a new job with Capital Insurers. It’s a much better company than the last one she worked for.
4. The new manager seems to be a very capable woman. I met her last week.
5. This case is full of books. I carried it all the way from the station.
6. The Games International Company has just gone bankrupt. We have done business with them for many years.
7. The hospital has handed out redundancy notices to all its staff. It is due to close down next year.
8. The prisoners are requesting more time out of their cells. Their families are campaigning on their behalf.
9. The new government is now facing major problems. It came to power with a lot of public support.
10. Her latest novel is really good. I read it on holiday.
11. The Home Affairs Minister is suspected of being involved in a financial scandal. The opposition have accused the minister of lying.
12. The Education Department is changing its policy on single sex schools. Mrs Parkinson is in charge of the department.
13. The Lilley and Swan department store has made reductions on most of its goods. The store has a sale on at the moment.
14. The principal doctor could hardly speak last night due to sore throat. He normally has a wonderful voice.
15. The sales manager is planning a new advertising campaign. I support her ideas.